Total population (million), 2003

25.7

Population growth (annual %), 2003

1.8

Population density (people per km²), 2003

29.1

Rural population (million), 2003

3.2

Rural population density (people per km²), 2002

130.2

Rural population (% of total population), 2003

12.4

Crude birth rate (per 1,000 people), 2003

22.6

Crude death rate (per 1,000 people), 2003

5.1

Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 2003

18.0

Under-5 mortality rate (per 1,000 children), 2003

21.0

Life expectancy at birth, total (years), 2003

73.9

Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population aged 15-49), 2003

0.7

Total labour force (million), 2003

10.8

Female labour force (% of total labour force), 2003

35.7

Number of rural poor (million, approximate)

..

Rural population below the poverty line (%)

..

Population living below $1 a day (%), 1998

14.3

Population living below $2 a day (%), 1998

30.6

Population living below the national poverty line (%)

..

Income share held by lowest 20%, 1998

3.0

School enrolment, primary (% gross), 2002

103.9

Adult literacy rate, total (% of people ages 15 and above), 2002

93.1

Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2000

4.4

Malnutrition prevalence, height for age (% of children under 5), 2000

12.8

Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population), 2002

17.0

Per caput dietary energy supply (kcal/day), 1996-19981/

2,358.0

Health expenditure, total (% of GDP), 2002

4.9

Physicians (per 1,000 people), 2001

1.9

Improved water source, rural (% of rural population with access), 2002

70.0

Improved sanitation facilities, rural (% of rural population with access), 2002

48.0

Agricultural labour force ( % of total labour force), 20031/

7.0

Food imports (% of merchandise imports), 2003

17.3

Fertilizer consumption (hundreds of grams per ha of arable land), 2002

1,229.5

Food production index (1999-2001=100), 2004

99.6

Crop production index (1999-2001=100), 2004

93.4

Cereal yield (kg per ha), 2004

3,265.9

Major exports (% share in agriculture), 20031/

Beverages, dist. alcoholic

22.5

Cigarettes

8.3

Coffee, green

6.0

Major imports (% share in agriculture), 20031/

Beverages, dist. alcoholic

17.4

Wheat

11.7

Cake of soybeans

8.5

Land area (thousand of km²), 2003

882.0

Arable land (% of land area), 2002

2.8

Forest area (% of land area), 2000

56.1

Irrigated land (% of cropland), 2002

17.7

Local currency

Bolivar (VEB)

Exchange rate: US$ 1.00 =VEB 2,090.7, 2005

1,607.0

GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$), 2003

3,490.0

GDP (current, US$ million), 2003

85,394.5

GDP per capita growth (annual %), 2003

-11.0

Inflation, consumer prices (annual %), 2003

31.1

Sectoral distribution , value added (% of GDP), 2003

agriculture

4.5

industry

41.1

manufacturing

9.1

services

54.4

Consumption, 2003

General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)

7.4

Household final consumption expenditure, etc. (% of GDP)

67.8

Gross domestic savings (% of GDP)

24.8

Merchandise exports (current US$ million), 2003

23,650.0

Merchandise imports (current US$ million), 2003

9,306.0

Balance of merchandise trade (current US$ million), 2003

14,344.0

Foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$ million), 2003

Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP), 2003

23.5

Expense (% of GDP), 2003

24.6

Total external debt (DOD, current US$ million), 2003

34,850.8

Present value of debt (% of GNI), 2003

41.6

Total debt service (% of exports of goods and services), 2003

30.1

Offical development assistance and official aid (current US$ million), 2003

82,160.0

Lending interest rate (%), 2003

25.2

Deposit interest rate (%), 2003

17.2

Mobile phones (per 1,000 people), 2003

273.0

Fixed line and mobile telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people), 2003

383.6

Telephone average cost of local call (US$ per three minutes), 2003

0.0

Personal computers (per 1,000 people), 2002

60.9

Internet users (per 1,000 people), 2003

60.3